his commission on Dec. 30, 1878, cons

y Artillery o

ston Ligh

unton Lig

Bedford C

dish Guards

husetts Guard

e Light Guar

st Roxbur

aunton C

ingham Rifle

ick Rifles of

Fall Riv

orarily detached from the regiment, and the Claflin Gu

mmediately from the 3d; the 4th, 5th and 9th Companies were from the 3d Regiment; the 10th was originally from the 3d and immediately from the 1st. A new 12th Company was organized on De

e-company 1st Regiment. That day, for the last time, the companies wore their original uniforms-old 1st Regiment, gray with towering bearskin shakos; 4th Battalion, a semi-Zouave costume with low shakos, double breasted blue coats, light blue bloused knickerb

So satisfactory did this prove that the Commonwealth utilized the same costume as a state uniform, and issued it to all the organizations of Massachusetts in 1884. Imitation is the si

h a chorus of "kicks." But as soon as a change had demonstrated its usefulness, it was heartily welcomed. More and more time was demanded of the men; and on the other hand part of this increased service was rewarded with increased pay by the State or Nation. The four days of camp duty required in 1873 had stretched to fifteen days in 1916, the twelve armory drills of early days to forty-eight. State and Federal pay were not an adequate recompense for the labor performed; the service was still one of unselfish patriotism. But the money invested by the

es connected with the funeral of Pres.

qualities are demanded of one who is to succeed in highest degree as a National Guardsman. He must be a well-trained soldier and a hard worker as a matter of course. He must command respect for his personal character and must be able to impart knowledge to others. He must enforce rigid discipline, and must do it without resorting to regular army methods of punis

ly held it, the Chelsea Rifles. The Taunton Light Guard ceased to exist in 1884, and at first, the vacant 3d number was filled by the formation of a new company

erved as Presidential escort during the celebration at Marshfield. The habit of visiting distant cities now grew on the regiment, so that on August 8, 1885,

ther demonstrations of affectionate enthusiasm. In 1886 the 12th Company visited Providence, R. I., as guests of the Light Infantry; and assisted their hosts to cel

me searching for the regiment-orders were promptly issued to Col. Wellington, that he prepare his command for the Philadelphia trip, the Commonwealth to pay expenses. Sept. 15 found the regiment on its way to Philadelphia, Sept. 16 saw them marching as one of the most brilliant units of the great parade under command of Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, w

hers of all

our count

rs find i

are brav

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are all

rand deeds

rst' still

ame nation-wide as a consequ

lly in the old First. The change was made for the purpose of rendering drills more interesting. It is easier to maintain the interest of artillerymen-

s had a range of five hundred yards. After firing the projectile, the cannoneers walked over and solemnly dug the same up from its self-made grave, and fired it over again. Artillery practice was economically conducted in those pioneer days. Sept. 13, 1

th Company into active service fo

performed by the regiment, an expression of heart-felt grief. They were then looking forward to occupying the new South Armory; and everyone contributed the entire pay rec

0). On Oct. 8, 1888, just before Col. Mathews' election, the regiment took part in a general mobilization of militia in Boston. On Thanksgiving day, Nov. 28, 1889, the Boston

and the suburbs, Faneuil Hall being the most coveted location, unavailable, however,

7th's building to that on Irvington St., but there is a similarity of type. It must be borne in mind that the South Armory was relatively one of the best in the country when the 1st Regiment occupied it in 1890. Nor had the railroad developed into such a nuisance at that time. The South Armory was the first State armory in Massachusetts; and led the way for the entire series, by means of

b. 29, 1892, at the ceremony of presenting Massachusetts' first long-service m

at Framingham and manned "Battery Dalton" once more. In 1895 they had their last experience with these twelve-inch mortars-and the sand-bank five hundred yards away; 1894, 1896 and 1897 saw them at Fort Warren each summer. In 1896 the regulars did not take them seriously and could not "waste

ch 10, 1893, for service in connection with the disastrous

pared with the huge gun and mortar installed in 1913, to which the name "Battery Lombard" is som

mmon, was formally dedicated May 31, 1897, and the regiment paraded in honor of the event. One feature of the day recalled certain historic proce

become increasingly committed to the artillery branch; this act of legislation officially recognized a transition which had already taken place. Now the facings on the uniforms could be changed from the blue of infantry to the

faff's military training had been in the Cadets, and as Captain of the 8th Company, Coast Artillery; and he had s

declared, more than two months elapsed. Members of the command were in constant readiness during this entire period for the

heir treasure with inland banks; while real estate owners were insistent that the national government should afford them protection. Col. Pfaff and his men were to volunteer in the belief that they would meet with instant and active fighting. Beyond question the general public drew a deep sigh of relief as the blue-clad column, on that fateful 26th of April, to the music of the "March of the F

Co., Charles P. Nutter; 8th Co., John Bordman, Jr.; 9th Co., Norris O. Danforth; 10th Co., Charles Williamson; 11th Co., Frederick M. Whiting; 12th Co., Sierra L. Braley. Capt. Braley had been private and corporal in the 3d Reg. during its nine-months service in 1862. He had been 2d Lieutenant in Battery I, 2d M

s were added to this; and then the command was taken into the U. S. service "for the war." Since the thirteen days of state duty is adde

all were subjected to a rigid physical examination. Ultimately three per cent. were rejected for disability and eight per cent. excused for family reasons. These vacancies were immediately filled from the throngs

ly election booths in the city; prisoners from Deer Island were imported to assist in erecting these; and some humorist promptly designated them the "3d Corps of Cadets." While in the state service, the regiment was fed by a caterer, after the fashion then prevalent at Framingham. When they became U. S. soldiers, they

ates service on May 7. During these weeks the companies or "batteries" attained a high degree of proficiency in both infantry and artillery drill. Shortly after midnight on May 13 the Engineers'

he remaining six companies proceeded by boat to various points along the North Shore, at some of which militia field artillery batteries had previously been on guard, the Colonel himself being stationed at Salem in command of the entire Essex County district. This transfer of troops was accomplished without peril or even discomfort. The 1st and 7th Companies under Maj. Dyar became the garrison at Salem; Maj. Quinby and the 2d Company were at Gloucester; the 6th Company was on Plum Island near Ne

afforded some protection against Spanish raiders. But those who were called upon to occupy works built for seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth century warfare, and modernize them so as to render them useful under twentieth century conditions, agree in testifying that the romance is all in the narrative and not any in the fact. The 6th Company had at first been stationed in an earthwork on the Plum Island beach which had been constructed by the fi

e their post of duty. First of all volunteers were they to be mustered in; the genius of "The Old First" was in control. Thruout the entire two-hundred-three days of duty they maintained the very highest standards of efficiency and discipline. It noway lessened the credit belonging to these volunteer soldiers that the Sp

serious objections to Rodman were the haze and fog, which hang low over Buzzard's Bay. As a consequence of the Spanish War, the flannel shirt and the khaki suit became part of the regimental uniform. Oct. 14, 1899, the regiment participated in the ovation to Admiral George D

War. Upon relinquishing command of the regiment, he became Adj. Gen. of the State. Col. Frye was the one selected to recor

t sleeping almost became a forgotten art. On June 25, 1903, the Coast Artillery shared in the exercises of dedication around the magnificent statue of their old commander, Gen. Joseph Hooker. Me

in 1908, the militia really became a national force, with clearly defined liability of service; and the name, National Guard, was officially con

coast artillery to garrison them, it was deemed best to organize the artillery in smaller units, in companies, better suited to the needs of the average fort. Companies are combined in fort commands of two or more each. Moreover, by 1905, a clear distinction had arisen between coast artillery and heavy artillery; and it was necessary for organizations to decide which branch of the service they would choose. Heavy artillery follows a mobile army, and is used to batter down fortifications. Coast artillery mans the guns and submarine mines of our coast fortifications, and is not a mobile force. A moment's consideration will convince anyone that the Massachusetts men chose the more ex

h summer on the very guns which they would man in actual service, they grew familiar with their work to a degree never before possible. After experimenting at seven different posts, in 1913 the 1st, 2d, 3d, and 6th Companies

in a general mobilization of militia at Boston in connection with the "old home week" celebration. The War Department now determined to make a slight change in the name of the organization, pe

rded seriously. Suddenly, on April 12, 1908, as men were returning from Palm Sunday services, they received word that Chelsea was in the clut

supper, they started for their posts of duty. The work was of the usual sort, rescuing property and saving lives, guarding the property from vandals and thieves, and assisting the young, the weak and the aged to places of safety. Only men in uniform command confidence at such

ng up in smoke. Worse yet, the fire spread until it involved the homes of many militiamen. The soldiers could hardly keep their thoughts on their work, while their own loved ones were in danger, and their own household effects in need of removal

Au

Quinby Col. E.

151 P

rticipated in the inaugural parade of President William H. Taft. Participants in such a parade invite comparison between themselves and troops from many other states-military critics, such as Maj. Gen. J. Frankli

in the so-called Cape maneuvers in August of that year. A difference of opinion had arisen between the Adjutant General of Massachusetts and the Corps officers concerning money matters; and this tour of duty was lai

, 1915. At the latter date he became a Major General on the retired list

lt of the Inspector-instructor's work was the wonderful shooting done by the 4th, 12th and other companies during the 1911 tour of duty. After that date all officers were required to qualify in the technical part of their work by passing regular War Department examinations. The fourth officer to fill this detail, Capt. William H. Wilson, commenced service in Jan., 1915, and soon succeeded in systematizing the work of drill and instruction to a point

arching. On May 30, 1913, the Gate City Guard of Atlanta, Ga., visited Boston as guests of the Tigers. 1913 was the fifteenth anniversary of the regiment's service in the Spanish war; and on Sept. 20, Col. Lombard tendered a review on the Common to the veterans. On that occasion active officers marched w

r at Salem when, on June 25, 1914, that ancient city was threatened with destruction; the emergency was similar to that of 1908. To

icipated in a great meeting at Tremont Temple in honor of his memory. Capt. Isaac P. Gragg, former Captain of the 1st Company, was always the prime mover in organizing celebrations

d in command until retired as Brigadier General, January 16, 1917; he

6, as a compliment to the State's guests. As the authorized strength of the companies had recently been raised, the Boston papers commen

troops started south, the officers and non-commissioned officers of the Corps were assembled at the Framingham mobilization camp ("Camp Whitney") for the purpose of drilling the hundreds of recruits there gathered. The officers and non-commissioned officers of the 6th Inf. also took part in this work of instruction. No recruits for Mass. regiments ever constituted a finer personnel than those eager to have a share in the Mexican service. Coming from all over the state, they were uniformly willing, sober, and quick to learn, in order that they might reach the front as soon as possible. The Corps becam

ce Act, as the new law was termed, completed the process of federalization by placing the militia fully under War Department control, and also provided a modest rate of remuneration for armory drills, thus making it an object for men to maintain regular attendance. Massachusetts had done what she could to encourage the passage of the law, by herself adopting, during the prolonged debate on the

rpose of swearing in. Almost without exception, and then always with valid excuse, the members of the Corps assumed this additional obligation and became Federal soldiers. Headquarters, band, enlisted specialists, and twelve companies-the entire Corps-were, on June 30, rec

n, which was raising funds to relieve distress amongst the families of National Guardsmen then at the border. An unusually fine milita

o full war-strength. Consequently the coast defence exercises at the forts in August, 1916, were seriously handicapped. Many men were forced to perform double

ly in order to qualify for pay; a National Guard reserve was created by transfer of men who had completed their three years of active service; promotion requirements were established for officers; and an assistant Inspector-instructor was detailed to the Corps, Capt. Hugh S. Brown taking his place beside Capt. Wilson. While the new National Guard regulations raised the standard and "tightened the reins," it is a tribute to the high grade of efficiency already attained by the Corps that Federal control caused no revolutiona

3, the "armed neutrality," the 5th Company's good fortune in being first of all the command to engage in active service when, for twenty-four hours they guarded the electric power-system of Chelsea against hostile interference, the d