arthaginians were said to have come originally from PHOENICIA, on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean.

na, on the other shore of the Mediterranean, opposite Italy and less than one hundre

eginning. As in the case of Rome, it

us fleets and armies. Hence all the surrounding tribes, once wandering nomads, were forced to become tillers of the soil; and, with colonies sent out by herself, they formed the so called Libyo-Phoenici

and pearls of the Orient; the famous Tyrian purple; ivory, slaves, and incens

nctioned human sacrifice, their disregard of the rights of others, their well kn

f high birth, and another composed of the very wealthy, managed the state. O

r about 340. By these treaties commerce was allowed between Rome and its dependencies and Carthage and her possessi

istress of this island, Rome would be shut up in her peninsula; if Rome were in possession of it, "the commerc

d-quarters, had been pillaging all of the island that they could reach. Being shut up in Messána by Hiero, they asked aid of Rome on the ground that they were from Campania. Although Rome was in

nds, and the siege of Messána was raised. The city itself was occupied by a fleet and garrison of Carthaginians under

alliance with Syracuse and Messána, thus gaining control of the east

eged the city, but were themselves cut off from supplies by Hanno, who landed at Heracléa in their rear. Both besieged and besiegers suffered much. At last a battle was fo

y itself. With their usual energy, the Romans began the work. (Footnote: In 259, three years previous to the battle of Ecnomus, the Romans under Lucius Scipio captured Blesia,

ip, which could be lowered in front or on either side. It was furnished on both sides with parapets, and had space for two men in front. On coming to close quarters with the enemy, this st

r LIPARA (260); 2d, off MYLAE (260); 3d,

omans were engaged under the CONSUL GNAEUS CORNELIU

newly invented stages or boarding-bridges of the Romans were found to be very effective. The enemy could not approach near without these bridges d

at Rome in honor of this victory of Duilius. The pedestal of it is still standin

off Tyndaris, result

nd sixty-four of the former captured. The Punic fleet withdrew to the coast of Africa, and prepared in the Bay of Carthage for anothe

ful, and the Carthaginians became disheartened. Many of the towns near Cartilage surrendered, and the c

en to secure a line of retreat to his fortified camp at Clupea. The next spring (255) he was surprise

mrades who were shut up in Clupea. While on its way, it gained a victory over the

frica was now abandoned. The fleet, setting sail for home, was

anormus was taken in 254; the coast of Africa ravaged in 253; Th

ed upon, and the city was blockaded by land and sea; but the besieging party suffered as much as the besieged, its

ginian fleet, which was stationed at Drepana (249). He was unsuccessful, and lost three four

and one sixth of the fighting population. They had failed in Africa, and the two strongest pla

y and military talent, and the Romans at first were no match for him. He seemed in a fair way to regain all Sicily. The apa

nd Lilybaeum in 242. A Carthaginian fleet which came to the rescue was met and destroyed off the AEGáTES

the war,-about $3,000,000,-one third down, and the remain